An allergy is a state of over-reactivity or hypersensitivity of the immune system to a particular substance called an allergen. Most allergens are proteins from plants, insects, animals, or foods.
Allergens are substances that, when inhaled or absorbed through the skin, respiratory tract, or gastrointestinal tract, stimulate the immune system and the release of histamine and other substances. This results in inflammation, signs of which include reddening of the skin, swelling and itching.
Allergy testing cannot diagnose allergies, but it can be used to identify the offending allergens and to formulate a specific immunotherapy treatment program.
Some allergies are thought to be inherited. An inherited allergy is atopic dermatitis (atopy) or allergies to substances in the environment. Diagnosis is based on clinical signs, history and exclusion of other causes of pruritis.
For environmental allergies and allergies to insects, some pets need medications to keep them comfortable and prevent secondary infections.
Allergies can be due to foods also. For food allergies, a hydrolyzed protein diet is an option as this diet is prepared in a way that the protein molecules have been broken down into smaller particles so that the immune system does not react to them as allergens. It is very important that during the diet trial period (8-12 weeks on average), only the prescribed diet is fed- no other snacks, treats or flavoured chews are offered to pet.
Allergies can be due to ectoparasites also. Fleas, ticks, lice and mites are all ectoparasites. For these allergies, it’s important to make sure that the pet is on a safe and effective ectoparasite control product.
If you suspect, your pet has allergies, our team is here to help. Book an appointment today to discuss customized allergy treatments.
